Device for the comparison of current, tension, and power by self-acting resistances.



M. KALLMANN, DECD.

. P. KALLMANN. ADMINISTRATRIX.

DEVIQE ron THE commmson or cummn, TENSION, AND POWER BYSELF ACTINGRESISTANCES.

APPLICATION FILED lULY 12, 1909.

- Patented Apr. 20, 1915.

v i T g g. @wfi Ti 5. Z.

fiifies'sea- THE NORRIS PETERS 60.. PHOTo-LlTHO.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

lJMAlRTIN,KALLMANNQ OF' BERIIIN, GERMANYpPAULA KALLMANN, as 3123mm} rGERMANY, ADMInIsTRA RIx on, SAID MARTIN KALLMANN, DECEASED. 1

E CE R ETHECQ AR 1*!- U R E IO AN r ummits I To azzwhomam m,

'stantially constantcurrent, for'use intestv especially to Fig,1,5Biindicatesithe'entiref group of, load resistances, 1 such groupbeing sonof Current, Tension, and'iPower 'by' Self- Acting Resistances,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates tofmeans for test- 7 ing electricmeters, and-itconsists in the use "of resistances of known'value having a highpositive temperature coeflicient, connected 5, t with one or bothofxthefcoils of the-meter and constituting an automatically" regulated,

load resistance designed to maintain a subing without -a,standard*meter.

' In the accompanying d rawings forming part of this application, Figure:1 is a diagrammatic yiew' of the device, showing the" v manner ofconnecting the 'Various resistances "Figs; 2 and are'similarfviewsshowing the'connections with the mainand -l shunt coils of the meter;under the condi-Q tions described 'belowi i Referring to the drawings indetail, and

composed of a number, ofindividual ele-, ments consisting of ironconductors m ore- .ceptacles filled.- with'hydrogen; 'Ihe resistanceelements Vareconnected inthe man 'ner shown in Fig;1,'inwhich' twoconduc-v tors '5and 10 have connection with agnum ber of resistances,which arealsoconnected with contact members 'l5, arranged in pairs;

' sothatthefmembers of any two" pairs (01' all of them), may beconnected by, switches pivoted. atthe points 20., These switches areconnected by a wire25. The first group. i

of resistances at the right comprisestwo variable resistancesconnectedin series "with 'gwlre 5,'and two connected in series wlth wire 10, allfour being arrangedfforconnection in series with eachj'other by means ofswitch a. The switch a? is arranged to con- I meet twoVariable'frsistances'whichelare inparallel with eachotherand have connecj tion with wire 5, in such manner that they will be '{in series withtwo resistances (also i parallel with 2 each; other) which; have tconnection j with wire- 10. Switch 030011; 'nects series two.variableiresistances cone a "nected resp I Be it'known that I, MARTINKALLMANm] electrical enginenfoitizenofGermany, re-' sidingiatKurfuerstend'ammj /41, Berlin, I

cQ HQcted to be cutout in: steps.

RESISTANCES.

switch a* -controls resistances connected like those controlled by"switch dfl'while switch' V a controlsvreslstancesarranged similarly tothose connected by: switch. a l A' :variable reslstancev. "is connected"with "a resistance cti ely" with wires 5 than, and;

, t R of substantially constant resistance-ma ts fi i fie nemattedApafsafmia;

'i 'r alr Such s Rj, .comprisin j two j a a sectmns W and W the'fi'rstof, which is ad it justable'; ,Resista'nce V iscon'nected with ,651nected, and resistance Rv may -be}conneote I 1 .t

terminal 30, with "which wire' 5 is also conwith terminal (1;

The manner of using diagrammatically in Fig. 2; i The shunt coil I this"arrangement" Q15 when ,testmga wattshour meter *isshow nij, V I ;:.70 Nof the meterfl-is connected WIth terminal; I

X, andthe main coil is"connected'with 1 1 v terminal 30, the iouterconductors f of a three wire system being connected, grespectively,

with the main coil and with terminal d;

:L'indicate's the installationto whichlcur-f V rent is'being supplied bythe-leads;

' The-switchesa, a 02 a? and a permit 1. i I: the resistance elementswith which they are I ,For the:.purpose-of maintaining constant.

a; potentialof '220 volts afl 'ecting the outer" T ,conductors,cl'isiconnected to the negative terminal and bf is disconnected.'Switchc T V 1;

85,. are'then placedxinseries-between theouter 1' conductors.Thestrengthofthe current is" Q generally one-half anampereytherebeing 20oltsat V and 200 volts at-the constant; resistance; Across the latter'(V? and 'R), and vbetween. the terminal X andgthe negw, 1 tive'connection'd,'the shunt coil N offthe "wattfihour meter is connected,andis' 'at'a -constantvoltage of 200. The va'riators ata 1 potential of210 0111 require'lO volts. On a volt circuit the switchc is closed,can-g nectingthe' outer conductors Sand 10. ?:The i negative main isdisconnected ,fm'm' the Y outer; conductor 10 at dand is connected 1with the middle conductori25 at b.v The is "open. The resistances:VQWEand VV shunt coil N of the meter is influenced by 7 As many jofgthegroups ofyariable rsish; an'ces arei'connected up by switches-0,11 5

; rangement over previous ;constructions, is;

etc., as maybe necessary,the current passing through the main coil ofthe meter;

through wire 5, the switchesjust mentioned, Wire 10, to the. other lead,and the shunt circuit being completed through resistances W, W as inFig. l or through resistance -V as in Fig. 2. The current Will bemaintained constant Within limits by the iron resistances, sincetheir'ohmic yalueincreases with the increaseof voltage. V The value of theresistances being known, the meter may bettesteol; without a standardmeter, Q'Ehe degree I of incandescense of 1 an iron resistance showswhen it is .penformingits normal function.

V The advantage of-the abovedescrihed arthat it vis not onlypossibleptortest amperhour meters and wattehourmeters .vvithout lowering.the voltage of -the v-shunt circuit in the first ocase, but .theregulating control of the largevariable .-resistances;V is greater ironresistances, that is, the thinner 'the Wires and the, current =constantWithin wider limits. Moreover, the construction greatly simplified andno adjustment 'isrequired, the same load resistance being used forvoltages between 210 and 230.

. The more delicate the construction-of the used, the more sensitive Ido they become, as they immediately resp ndkto the variations ofpotential, becoming heated to a high degree, and checking the initial;rush ofcurrent. The efiiciency i of :the test is increased in proportionto the sensitiveness of the resistances controlling the current, a

'What Iclaim is: 1. @Ina device oiithecharacterdescribed, a plurality ofouter conductors having iterminaleconnection's; a third and "normallyneutral conductor between the conductors first mentioned; a meter havingits :main coilvconnected with one of theouter conductors; a plurality ofload aresistances -.of

high temperature coe'fficient arranged: to \be a connected iacr'oss -theouter .conductorsvand with the (main coil, said resistances also be-Copiesuof this patentmay lie-obtained for shunt coil o1": the-meter,thelatter coil having ing arranged for connection with saidthirdconductor; a supplementary resistance of high temperaturecoefficient-connected with one of =the outer conductors and with theshunt coil of the meter, the latter coil havingconnectionw'ithcthe'other of'said outer con ductors; independent meansarranged to connect the outer conductors; means ior connecting the thirdand normallyneutral conductor Withthe supplementary resistance and thenegative terminal; and means for disconnecting one ofrthe it outerconductors from. said negativezterminal. i In fludGVlCG'Ofl thecharacter described,

a plurality of outer; 1 conductors Ehaving terse minal connections;third; and :normally neutral conductor between the conductors 7' firstmentiionedi; a imeter havingwits main coil] connected with one of thelouterr conductors; a plurality of load, resistances of:

high temperature eoefiicientn-arranged ;to be connected across the outerconductors and r ing aarrjanged forrconnection with; said thirdconductor; -a. supplementary resistance of high temperature 1coefiicient connected with one of the outer conductors and'with the.

connection With the other of saidouter' rcon resistance material inseries, withi thepsupplementary Presistanceof high temperaturecoefficient independent .means arranged to connect the outerconductorsymeans for connecting the ,thirdand normally neutral 'ductors;anadjustable.resistanceof constant conductor-'withthe supplementaryresistance a and the negative terminal' gand ;means for disconnectingone of the outer conductors from said-negative 139111111131. W '7 Intestimony whereof. I have signed my name to this specification inthepresence of two subscribing Witnesses. o p: v V

V V MARTI KALL vIANN.

V'Vitne sses: Q HENRY HASBER, WOLDEMAR Henr five cents each, byaddressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washingt mDXQiPz V

